Political Representation in Liquid Democracy

This article provides an in-depth survey of political representation in Liquid Democracy (LD). More precisely, it refutes two potential criticisms: 1) LD impoverishes the concept relative to existing representative democracies; 2) undermines centrality parties. In answer (1), shows that is compatible with a selection model representation, which proxies are characterized as gyroscopic representatives, driven by intrinsic motivation and indifferent sanctions. claim has far-reaching normative implications for mandate-independence tradeoff, anti-elitism, deliberation under LD. With regard (2), examines function parties, arguing that, although puts parties interest groups on level playing field, does not threaten partisanship, but rather expands range carriers partisanship. addressing these objections, this demonstrates democratic credentials LD, showing high-quality, understanding surrounded cluster thick concepts like commitment, motivation, alignment objectives, sympathy, trust, dialogue. turns into powerful instrument refurbishment both unique mode participation practice self-government.